HGX: the anatomy of high growth exporters
首次定义高增长出口企业（非出口超级明星），分析其在克罗地亚的经济重要性，发现它们虽仅占企业总数的0.5%，却贡献了约25%的新增出口和5%的新增就业，并揭示了其雇佣、产品与市场策略特征。
Abstract Previous work has found that a small number of export s uperstars contribute disproportionally to the economy’s overall exports. Differently from export superstars , this study is the first to define high growth exporters (HGXs) (that are not export superstars ) as a new firm category. We provide their economic importance and depict their micro-level anatomy. By tracking HGXs in Croatia for over a quarter of a century, 44 out of 100 export superstars in 2019 were previously HGXs. HGXs represent only 0.5% of all firms and 18% of high growth firms (HGFs) in the economy, but are responsible for about 25% of new exports and 5% of new jobs. During their growth episode, HGXs hire more employees from technology intensive industries with previous experience in exporting. They often hire on a single year work contract, and more frequently send new employees to work abroad. HGX also increase their presence in more advanced markets, increase the number of new export products and decrease their reliance on the largest product or largest export market. We argue HGXs represent an under-researched category of firms.