Local Incentives and Electric Vehicle Adoption
利用挪威微观数据，研究道路通行费豁免和公交车道使用对电动汽车普及的影响，发现激励措施显著增加电动汽车保有量，但富裕家庭的总汽车保有量上升，碳排放减少主要来自传统车辆数量下降。
We study how the adoption of battery electric vehicles—a key technology for decarbonizing transportation—responds to two local incentives: road toll exemption and bus lane access. Combining rich Norwegian microdata with a quasi-experimental research design where we exploit household-level variations in incentives on work commutes, we find sizable and positive effects on electric vehicle ownership. The increase in electric vehicles from having road tolls and bus lanes on work commutes is, on average, offset by a similar decline in the ownership of conventional vehicles. Still, road toll exposure increases total car ownership among the richest households. Road tolls also reduce “brown” driving per vehicle, but lower CO2 emissions are largely due to the reduction in the number of conventional vehicles.