Business creation during COVID-19
利用英国数据，研究发现疫情期间企业创建数量反常增加，主要由首次创业的个人推动，尤其在在线零售领域，但这些新企业更可能退出且较少招聘，整体就业效应有限。
Abstract Using UK data, we present greater empirical detail on the puzzling firm dynamics that emerged during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We show that firm entry increased during the pandemic across several countries, and this contrasts with typical recessions where firm entry declines. Additionally, the rise in firm entry is driven by individual entrepreneurs creating companies for the first time, particularly in online retail. We find evidence that firm creation responded significantly to declines in retail footfall and that firms created during the pandemic are more likely to exit and less likely to post jobs. Overall, this implies that despite surging firm creation during the pandemic, the overall employment effect is limited. Finally, we find that the primary contributor to limited employment creation is the shift in ownership composition of new entrants during COVID.