The Impact of Cash Transfers to Poor Mothers on Family Structure and Maternal Well-Being
利用美国首个福利计划“母亲养老金”的申请者数据，研究发现现金转移短期内延迟了婚姻和降低了流动性，但长期对再婚、配偶质量、生育及母亲福祉无显著影响。
We use newly collected data for 16,000 women who applied for Mothers' Pensions, America's first welfare program, to investigate the effect of means-tested cash transfers on lifetime family structure and maternal well-being. In the short term, cash transfers delayed marriage and lowered geographic mobility. In the long run, transfers had no impact on the probability of remarriage, spouse quality, or fertility. Cash transfers did not affect women's well-being, measured by longevity and family income in 1940. Given the lack of significant negative behavioral impacts, the benefits of transfers appear to exceed costs if they have-even modest-positive impacts on children.