It takes (at least) two to tango: Investigating interactional dynamics between clients and caseworkers in public encounters
通过分析社会保障行政中的访谈和参与观察数据，提出基于客户和员工准备程度的公共接触类型学，包括冲突与阻碍、倡导、案件处理、协议与合作四种类型，并探讨类型间的转换及跨接触的溢出效应。
Abstract Public encounters are an essential element in citizen–state interactions. Yet, we know very little about the interactional dynamics between clients and street‐level bureaucrats. By analyzing data from interviews and participatory observations of public encounters in a social security administration context, we propose a typology of public encounters based on clients' and employees' preparedness that affects the dynamics and outcomes of services. Encounters can either be characterized by “Conflict and Obstruction,” “Advocacy,” “Case Processing,” or “Agreement and Collaboration.” We conceptualize the relation between these types and how both clients and caseworkers transition between them. Additionally, the article's findings suggest that public encounters should not be observed as singular events. Rather, spillover effects between encounters and long‐term multi‐episode interactions with clients prove to be essential in understanding behavior on both sides through mutual learning.