Which innovations for Circular Business Models? A product life-cycle categorisation
研究通过生态创新视角，识别出三类能推动企业从线性转向闭环流程的创新，并基于意大利中小企业数据提出产品生命周期分类法，帮助区分不同驱动因素的生态创新实践。
Circular Economy has emerged to face current unsustainable economic trends. Clarifying and promoting tools for embedding circularity in firms’ business models is becoming crucial. Notwithstanding Eco-Innovation has been recognised as a fundamental link to connect Circular Economy with business models restructuring, still little consensus exists on the interlinkages among the concepts of Eco-Innovation, Circular Economy and Circular Business Models. This research aims to understand which innovations can favour the transition from linear to closed-loop processes, and to identify circular business models using the lens of Eco-Innovation practices. We recognise three groups of innovations that are expected to drive firms’ business towards circularity, leading to the identification of an original Product Life-Cycle Categorisation. An exploratory empirical analysis is finally developed on the basis of Italian Small and Medium Enterprises’ data, in order to show the ability of our categorisation to distinguish across eco-innovative practices that are driven by (partly) heterogeneous determinants.