Inherited cultural diversity and wages: surname-based evidence
利用巴西南里奥格兰德州2008-2013年的行政面板数据和机器学习从姓氏推断工人祖先，发现区域层面继承的文化多样性对工资有正向外部性，并通过工具变量等方法排除其他解释。
Abstract This article shows that inherited cultural diversity at the regional level generates a positive wage externality. We use administrative panel data on formally employed individuals in Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil from 2008 to 2013 and apply machine learning to infer the ancestry of workers from their surnames. We distinguish inherited diversity from birthplace diversity and use the plausibly exogenous location of former colonies to build an instrumental variable. The positive wage externality of inherited diversity withstands alternative explanations such as institutional quality, municipality size, human capital externalities, individual productivity differences, and sorting of workers.