Not all uncivil behaviours are equal: exploring responses to incivility in veterinary practice using vignettes
研究通过情景实验调查兽医和兽医护士对不同类型不文明行为（直接/间接）及不同施动者（客户/同事/上级）的回应，发现回应方式因情境而异，直接不文明行为更易引发报复、离职和寻求支持。
Workplace incivility is considered a common workplace stressor, linked to a range of adverse impacts such as reduced wellbeing.however, there is a lack of research focused on how targets of incivility respond.the current study addresses that gap by examining responses to incivility within veterinary practice.Veterinarians and veterinary nurses (n = 132) evaluated six scenarios depicting two types of incivility (direct e.g.demeaning comments/indirect, for example, ignoring someone) across three instigators (clients, co-workers, senior colleagues), reporting their perception and appraisal of the uncivil behaviour depicted along with potential responses.Direct incivility was linked to responses such as reciprocation, exit, and support seeking, whereas indirect incivility was associated with affiliative and ignoring responses.Negative appraisal of incivility predicted a higher likelihood of exit, avoidance, support seeking and reporting responses.these findings suggest that incivility targets utilise a broad range of response options and adapt their response dependent on the situation.Practitioner summary: this study investigated the influence of incivility type (direct/indirect) and instigator (client/co-worker/senior colleague) on response selection within veterinary practice.Participant responses were linked to incivility type and instigator status, indicating that utilisation of responses can be variable and adaptive to the situation.