Emergency management through enduring collaborative networks: Lessons on phases and levels
以挪威应急管理系统为例，研究志愿者与警方在搜救行动中的长期协作关系，发现中介者能弥补志愿者参与不足，对快速调动多种资源有重要启示。
Abstract This article explores the conditions that underpin networks as enduring collaborative relationships. To identify key features that sustain long‐term collaboration, we use the Norwegian system of emergency management as our empirical case. Norway is characterized by the important role played by volunteers and voluntary organizations as partners to the police in search and rescue operations. In particular, the article focuses on two possible explanations for the endurability of these networks: the broad involvement of volunteers in the different phases and the role of intermediaries. The article concludes that intermediaries can compensate for a lack of broad involvement, which may be particularly relevant for emergency management where many different resources have to be mobilized in a short time span and in a fashion that enables fluid interaction. This finding is a reminder that both phases and levels need to be explored in empirical studies of collaborations.