The single picker routing problem with scattered storage: modeling and evaluation of routing and storage policies
研究了散存仓库中单拣选员路径问题，通过扩展动态规划模型来精确求解和评估多种启发式路径策略，并比较了不同存储策略（尤其是分类存储）对路径效率的影响，发现C类商品散存可降低最多25%的行走距离。
Abstract Despite ongoing automation efforts, most warehouses are still manually operated using a person-to-parts collection strategy. This process of collecting items of customer orders from different storage locations accounts for the majority of the operating costs of the warehouse. Hence, optimizing picker routes is an important instrument to reduce labor costs. We examine the scattered-storage variant of the single picker routing problem in a one-block parallel-aisle warehouse. With scattered storage, an article can be stored at several storage locations within the warehouse, whereas with classic storage, each article has a unique storage location. We use our recently published network-flow model with covering constraints that is based on an extension of the state space of the dynamic-programming formulation by Ratliff and Rosenthal. With modifications in the state graph, this model serves for both exact and all established heuristic routing methods for picker routing. The latter include traversal, return, largest gap, midpoint, and composite. We show that these routing policies can also be implemented through adaptations in the state space. Extensive computational studies highlight a comparison of the different routing and storage policies (in particular class-based storage policies) in the scattered storage context. Analyses demonstrate which combinations of policies are advantageous for the given warehouse layout. For class-based storage policies, we emphasize how the scattering of articles of different classes should be performed: scattering of C-articles is advantageous with reductions of up to 25%. In contrast, when articles are uniformly distributed, A-articles should be scattered.