An Improved Integral-Based Adaptive Event-Triggered Frequency Regulation on a Dual-Link LFC System Under Mixed Attacks
针对负荷频率控制系统在混合攻击和时延下的频率调节问题，提出一种基于历史平均系统状态的改进积分型自适应事件触发控制，采用交直流双联络线技术提升功率交换效率，并通过仿真验证了频率调节性能的改善。
This article analyzes the frequency regulation problems of load frequency control (LFC) system under some unforseen network environments, such as unexpected load, mixed attacks, and time delay in cyber–physical system (CPS). A dual-link strategy using alternating current and direct current tie-line transmission technologies is employed to improve the efficiency of power exchange and retain the power system frequency stability. Then, an improved integral-based adaptive event-triggered control (IA-ETC) with flexible threshold parameters is designed using the historical average system state to tackle the sudden fluctuations with improved communication efficiency. Furthermore, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) with delay terms is proposed to investigate the exponential stability with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> performance on the dual-link LFC system. Finally, simulation results show that this development presents an improved frequency regulation performance.