Time-Referent Strategic Effectiveness of Research and Development in Multinational Enterprises: An Empirical Study
实证发现跨国公司研发的战略有效性在不同时间段存在差异，通过马歇尔中期和长期运行框架构建时间参照，并验证了这种时间参照效应的存在，对技术导向型企业的管理有启示。
It is established empirically that the strategic effectiveness of research and development in multinational enterprises differs over different time periods. Two test time-frames are proxied by Marshallian medium and long runs, constructed under a methodology where a shorter (respectively longer) time period with less (respectively more) scope for change is proxied by a shorter (respectively longer) run with smaller (respectively greater) logical capacity for change as defined by fewer (respectively more) assignments of endogeneity against exogeneity to variables. Competition and growth analysis in Potter's strategic management paradigm is applied to operationalize these runs by matching exogenous-endogenous variable specifications. Paired-reduced form equations are constructed under which strategic effectiveness of research and development in the same multinational enterprise, but referred to medium and long runs as represented and operationalized, are related to the same regressors referred to the two runs and with entry of corresponding same-sample data. A difference in runs is then argued to be the sole statistically-identifiable source of differentiation between the paired-reduced form equations. Regression results demonstrating the equations' statistical validity are applied under a R2-based test to establish the empirical existence of run-referent and hence time-referent strategic effectiveness of research and development in multinational enterprises. Managerial implications for technology-oriented firms represented by these institutions follow and are discussed.