The Selective Enforcement of Government Regulations: Battleground States, State Regulators, and the Environmental Protection Agency
研究发现，美国总统选举中的摇摆州更少被查出违反《清洁水法》，部分原因是这些州的排污许可限制更宽松，揭示了选举政治对监管执行的影响。
The Electoral College creates incentives for politicians and regulators to direct policy favors toward battleground or swing states. We examine whether this affects regulatory enforcement and find that facilities in battleground states are less likely to be found in violation of the Clean Water Act, partially because the permit limits for facilities in these states are less restrictive. Identification is obtained by analyzing violation rates of similar facilities located along the border between battleground and nonbattleground states.