Judicial Decisions, Backlash and Secessionism: The Spanish Constitutional Court and Catalonia
利用2010年西班牙宪法法院部分否决加泰罗尼亚新自治章程这一准实验，研究发现该判决使支持独立的比例上升5个百分点，并降低了民众对法院的信任和民主满意度，加剧了政治极化。
Abstract We exploit a unique quasi-experiment to study the effects of judicial decisions on sensitive issues on political attitudes. In 2010, the Spanish Constitutional Court partially overruled the new Catalan Constitution—the Estatut—that granted further decentralisation. Our identification strategy relies on the fact that this ruling occurred amid a public opinion survey. We find that the ruling increased support for independence by 5 percentage points. We interpret this result as evidence of judicial backlash on political attitudes: a judicial decision that limited further autonomy triggered a shift in attitudes towards even more autonomy. Moreover, the ruling decreased trust in the courts and satisfaction with democracy. This backlash of political attitudes extends to other spheres: Catalans increased their national identification with their region and the support for pro-decentralisation parties. Finally, we show that the ruling increased polarisation around the partisan and identity cleavages.