‘Relabelling’ of individual early retirement pension in Finland: Application and behavioural responses using Finnish register data
利用芬兰人口登记数据，研究将灵活的提前退休路径与更严格的路径合并（仅改变标签，不改变资格条件）对个人申请行为的影响，发现改革使残疾相关提前退休申请概率下降约37%，且低教育程度和强劳动市场依附者反应更强。
Using rich Finnish population level registers, we examine the impact of fusing a flexible early retirement pathway with a more stringent pathway, without changing eligibility conditions, so-called ‘relabelling’, on individual application behaviour. Our findings show that among affected cohorts the likelihood of applying for (successfully claiming) disability-related early retirement declined by 1.8 (1.5) percentage points equivalent to a relative drop of approximately 37 % (39 %) following the reform. Individuals with below tertiary level education and stronger lifetime labour market attachment exhibit a stronger behavioural response to the reform. We find tentative evidence of individual's bringing forward the age at which they substitute to a competing early retirement pathway designed to keep individuals in the labour market albeit on a part time basis. Our findings highlight the importance of targeted awareness building aimed at particular socioeconomic groups such as those with low levels of education when policymakers seek to consolidate early retirement programmes with differing pre-reform eligibility criteria.