Parental and Student Time Use Around the Academic Year
利用断点回归方法，结合学校开学和放假日期，发现母亲在学年期间睡眠减少、照顾他人时间增加、饮食和自由时间减少，而父亲变化较小；青少年在暑假期间每天教育时间减少5.5小时，转而增加自由时间和睡眠。
We demonstrate how mothers, fathers, and 15–17-year-old students alter their schedules around the K-12 academic year. Using regression discontinuity methods, combined with school start and end dates, we show that mothers are more affected by the school year than are fathers. During the school year, mothers sleep less, spend more time caring for others, and have less time for eating, free time, and exercise. Fathers experience fewer and mostly smaller changes. Teenagers reduce education time by 5.5 hours per day on weekdays during the summer, substituting that time with 2+ hours of free time and 1+ hours of sleep.