Cultural Norms and Neighborhood Exposure
利用瑞典行政数据和难民安置政策，研究发现母亲原籍国的性别文化规范会扩大移民子女的数学性别差距，但当地劳动力市场的性别平等能完全抵消这一影响。
This work investigates the interaction between cultural norms and neighborhood characteristics, in the context of the gender gap in math. Using high-quality Swedish administrative data, I estimate the effect of mothers’ country-of-origin gender norms on the gender gap in math among second-generation immigrant siblings and exploit a refugee placement policy to obtain random variation in regional characteristics. I find that the sibling gender gap in math increases with cultural gender norms, such that girls with mothers from more gender-traditional cultures perform worse compared to their brothers, but that local labor market gender equality can completely mitigate this cultural norm effect.