Individual, organizational, and institutional accountability: a systematic literature review in public administration
系统梳理公共管理领域问责研究的现状，发现该领域研究碎片化且结论不一致，原因在于学者们分别从个体、组织和制度三个层面展开研究，建议未来更多关注个体层面的问责及其与组织、制度的互动。
This study reviews accountability’s nature, conceptualization, antecedents, and consequences. It shows that accountability studies in the public administration field are fragmented and incoherent. The results of different studies go in different directions partly because scholars study accountability on different levels: individual, organizational, and institutional/programme. It is suggested that accountability at the individual level, its antecedents and consequences, and the interactivity of human agencies, organizations, and institutions should gain more scholarly attention.