Inequality of opportunity in the double burden of malnutrition in Mexico
提出伪出生队列方法，利用墨西哥1983-1988年出生人群数据，测量营养不良（包括营养不足和过剩）中的机会不平等，发现机会不平等持续存在且主要由环境因素解释，但女性在中年期努力贡献更大。
This paper proposes a pseudo-birth-cohort approach to deal with a lack of longitudinal data to measure health inequities over time. Using Roemer's framework for inequality of opportunity, this study measures ex-ante and ex-post inequalities in malnutrition, a concept that spans both sides of the nutrition continuum. The total contribution of observed circumstances and the direct contribution of observed efforts to the variation of malnutrition are disentangled for people born between 1983 and 1988 in Mexico. Results indicate that inequality of opportunity has been persistent across this 30-year lifespan for that cohort. Some evidence suggests that a lack of opportunities has been transmitted from parents to children and that people's circumstances account for most of the explained variation in the double burden of malnutrition. However, stratifying the analysis by sex shows that efforts account for more of the explained variation of inequality of opportunity for women in their middle adulthood than for men in most of the outcomes analyzed.