Who Benefits from Cash‐for‐Care?
研究了德国针对1-2岁幼儿的家庭照料补贴，发现西德使用率达60%，降低了母亲产后三年内工作概率1.4个百分点，增加了6.5个百分点的纯父母照料，并改善了儿童六岁时的发育（除在家不说德语的孩子）；东德使用率30%，对母亲就业和纯照料无影响，且补贴未惠及经济最困难家庭。
We provide comprehensive evidence on Germany’s home care subsidy for one‐ and two‐year‐old children. In West Germany, take‐up was 60 percent, and the subsidy reduced mothers’ probability to work within three years after childbirth by 1.4 percentage points and increased exclusive parental care by 6.5 percentage points. The subsidy improved children’s development at age six, with the exception of children who do not speak German at home. In East Germany, 30 percent of families used the subsidy, neither affecting maternal employment nor exclusive parental care. As an income transfer, the subsidy did not benefit families with the least economic resources most.