Too Afraid to Act? How CEO Political Ideological Divergence Influences Environmental Innovation
研究发现CEO与总统的政治意识形态分歧会影响企业环境创新强度：与共和党总统分歧越大，创新越少；与民主党总统分歧越大，创新越多。企业加强可持续沟通会削弱这一影响。
In their efforts to combat climate change, some firms choose to develop environmental innovations. Given that environmental innovation strategies fall into the politically sensitive area of climate change protection, we theorize that CEO political ideological divergence can substantially impact the chosen strategy. Drawing on threat response theory, we find that CEO ideological divergence from a Republican president negatively affects environmental innovation intensity, while ideological divergence from a Democratic president positively affects it. Moreover, increased communication of sustainability orientation weakens this studied impact. We utilized a longitudinal data set of S&P 500 CEOs (2010–2018) with 916 firm-year observations and 188 unique firms, to present theoretical and managerial implications for environmental innovation, CEO political ideology, and threat response theory.