Changing collective action: Nudges and team decisions
研究在坦桑尼亚维多利亚湖的渔民团队中，助推（nudge）如何将社会困境中的合作率提高14到16个百分点，尤其当决策者具有领导经验时效果更显著，为政策制定者提供了新工具。
Nudges are widely used and a broad literature documents that they successfully affect individual behavior. However, in most settings where nudges are needed to change collective action, teams – not individuals – determine outcomes. Because team decision making is pervasive, learning whether nudges work with teams in social dilemmas is important, especially when formal enforcement is difficult. Here, we show that a nudge increases team cooperation by 14 to 16 percentage points in a social dilemma among fishing crews at Lake Victoria, Tanzania. The nudge is particularly effective when team decisions are made by a team member with leadership experience. Our findings are a proof of concept that expands the toolkit of empirical researchers and policy makers that address social dilemmas among teams.