Women’s empowerment and child mortality
研究了1950-2018年134个国家中女性权利（民事、政治、经济）与儿童死亡率的关系，发现高收入国家中赋权普遍降低儿童死亡率，但中低收入国家中不同权利效果差异显著，需强制度保障。
This paper investigates the nexus between women’s empowerment and child health, in particular examining whether having more rights, and which rights, leads to improvements in the well-being of children, as reflected by child mortality rates. We distinguish between civil rights, political rights, and economic rights. In our sample of 134 countries over the period 1950–2018, and employing 27 separate rights-based measures of empowerment, women’s empowerment commonly contributes to a reduction in child mortality in high-income countries, however, low- and middle-income countries reveal striking differences across some measures. For example, while women’s participation in public administration or employment in the public sector is associated with reduced child mortality, the opposite is observed for the right to run a business and access to banking. Results suggest that strong institutions are needed to ensure rights are translated into better welfare. • Overarching study of rights-based measures of women’s empowerment and their association with child mortality in 134 countries from 1950–2018. • Women’s empowerment measures are commonly associated with a reduction in child mortality in high-income countries (HIC). • Association between women’s empowerment and child health in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) is less clearcut. • Women’s participation in public sector and administration is associated with reduced child mortality in LMIC. • Results suggest strong institutions are needed to ensure rights are translated into better welfare.