Age Set versus Kin: Culture and Financial Ties in east Africa
研究社会组织（年龄组 vs 亲属关系）如何影响经济互动模式和国家政策效果，发现肯尼亚现金转移项目在年龄组社会中产生同年龄组消费溢出，而乌干达养老金项目仅在亲属关系社会中改善儿童营养。
We study how social organization shapes patterns of economic interaction and the effects of national policy, focusing on the distinction between age-based and kin-based groups in sub-Saharan Africa. Motivated by ethnographic accounts suggesting that this distinction affects redistribution, we analyze a cash transfer program in Kenya and find that in age-based societies there are consumption spillovers within the age cohort, but not the extended family, while in kin-based societies we find the opposite. Next, we document that social structure shapes the impact of policy by showing that Uganda’s pension program had positive effects on child nutrition only in kin-based societies.