Privatised urbanism: The making of new cities and the self-organising mosaic
研究了撒哈拉以南非洲新城市中自组织模式如何加剧不平等和排斥，以加纳大阿克拉地区为例，发现自组织服务于富人和权势阶层而非边缘群体。
Sub-Saharan African cities have experienced significant spatial transformation in recent years. This transformation, in part, has been characterised by the proliferation of new cities and the privatisation of urban spaces. Yet, an understanding of how the growing trend of privatised urbanism is producing marginalisation and exclusion hurdles for the majority of urbanites in the context of self-organisation remains limited. In response to this knowledge gap, this article investigates patterns of self-organisation in new cities. We demonstrate how the production of new cities and the privatisation of urban spaces have shaped land use planning and led to the marginalisation of local communities. Using the Greater Accra Region, Ghana as a case study, fieldwork involving interviews with urban planners, community leaders and key informants was conducted. The findings show that the forms of self-organisation inherent in new cities tend to perpetuate and deepen inequalities and exclusion in the peri-urban area. Rather than being an avenue for the marginalised to intervene in space and realise their ambitions, self-organisation serves the interests of the wealthy and powerful. We conclude that self-organisation may not always be a means to promote an inclusive and just society. Recommendations for creating a more equitable and inclusive urban futures are proffered.