Heterogeneous effects of monetary and non-monetary job characteristics on job attractiveness in nursing
运用排序效应法分析护士对工资与非货币工作特征的偏好异质性，发现工作时间和性别是主要驱动因素，表明差异化工作设计比统一方案更能有效吸引劳动力。
We apply a novel methodological approach described by Chernozhukov et al. (2018), to analyze preference heterogeneity regarding non-monetary job characteristics and trade-offs between wage and non-monetary job characteristics. Using this approach, we can describe preference heterogeneity more concise than with subgroup analysis. Analyzing data from a self-conducted factorial survey experiment on nurses, we find significant effect heterogeneity regarding non-monetary job characteristics and their trade-off with wages. We also find positive interaction effects between wage and other job characteristics. We further analyze which factors are associated with effect heterogeneity. Working hours and gender appear to be the main drivers of these effects. We also find differences regarding the sources of a nurse’s motivation to initially choose the nursing occupation. Differentiation of job characteristics (job offers) to fit different preferences can therefore be a more effective and efficient way to attract workers than a “one size fits all” solution. • We apply the Sorted Effects Method to analyze preference heterogeneity. • We find significant heterogeneity in preferences and analyze its drivers. • There may not exist the one ideal measure to make jobs more attractive. • Higher wages can be used to compensate for non-monetary job characteristics.