Construction minerals as part of an urban circular economy? A multi-scalar study of the city of Oslo and its hinterland
研究了奥斯陆地区建筑矿物在多尺度视角下的流动，发现城市密集化和基础设施建设产生大量碎石废料，被填埋在腹地，而缺乏促进循环的区域规划导致原生矿物消费和农田占用被刺激。
Abstract Flows of construction minerals in the Oslo region are studied in a multi-scalar perspective. Urban densification and construction of infrastructure result in large volumes of gravel and stone which according to law is waste. Waste is landfilled in the hinterland putting pressure on socio-ecological qualities. Lack of regional planning promoting circularity implies municipalities in the hinterland have to regulate land for landfills. Norway has a competitive advantage in construction minerals and prices on virgin, compared to recycled construction minerals are relatively low. Combined with a planning regime supporting linear resource governance, the consumption of virgin construction minerals and farmland in the hinterland is de facto stimulated. Differences are identified between the Oslo region and some city regions in the core of Europe concerning the level of progress towards a circular economy. A distinction between resource-rich and resource-strapped regions is proposed as part of an explanation of such differences.