Nonsubstitutable Consumption Growth Risk
研究发现家庭无法用其他非耐用品替代能源消费，因此能源消费作为独立因子影响资产定价，其贝塔值变化能解释价值、投资和盈利溢价的大部分。
Standard applications of the consumption-based asset pricing model assume that goods and services within the nondurable consumption bundle are substitutes. We estimate substitution elasticities between different consumption bundles and show that households cannot substitute energy consumption by consumption of other nondurables. As a consequence, energy consumption affects the pricing function as a separate factor. Variation in energy consumption betas explains a large part of the premia related to value, investment, and operating profitability. For example, value stocks are typically more energy intensive than growth stocks and thus riskier, because they suffer more from the oil supply shocks that also affect households. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Funding: C. Schlag gratefully acknowledges research and financial support from the Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01269 .