T. Robert Malthus's Comparative Political Economy of Prudential Restraint
研究了马尔萨斯《人口原理》后续版本中从简单生态模型到包含产权、法治、婚姻法和市场扩展的复杂商业社会模型的转变，认为在适当制度下人均收入可随人口增长而稳步提升。
Abstract Examination of the second and subsequent editions of T. Robert Malthus's Essay on the Principle of Population shows that the author created a more expansive examination of his political economy of population than that of the simple model in the Essay's first edition. In subsequent editions, the simple, ecological model gives way to a sophisticated general model of a commercial society with property rights, the rule of law, marriage laws similar to those of the British Christian tradition, and expanded markets. The result was not the “dismal” prognostication that Malthus is often identified with. Rather, he was reasonably optimistic that steady growth in per capita income could be accomplished along with a rising population. Biology could never be conquered, but within the right institutional context, reason might interrupt its career.