More than medicine: antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a social and political challenge that can be overcome
本文探讨抗菌素耐药性不仅是医学问题，更是社会和政治挑战，分析国际努力效果不佳的原因，并基于欧洲成功案例指出制度安排、文化价值观和领导力等政治条件对政策成效的关键影响。
Growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens modern medicine and global food security through the gradual loss of effective antibiotics and other crucial drugs and chemicals. This dispiriting but inexorable development presents daunting social and political challenges because it arises from how drugs are produced and people everywhere in the world use them. Results of monumental international efforts led by United Nations and European Union bodies to create common purpose and concerted actions against AMR since the early 2010s are so far discouraging. Declarations and plans have proliferated. But social factors such as national and local politics have stymied effective action. Nevertheless, countries in Europe demonstrate that AMR mitigation is politically possible. This article draws on contributions to the SI on AMR politics and governance to illustrate how. Specific institutional arrangements, cultural values, and leadership commitments have had strong impacts on the degree of success of AMR policies. In turn, these factors represent important political conditions that some policymakers have successfully navigated. Hence, the SI’s contributions can offer policy leaders and entrepreneurs clues for domestic and local political efforts to control AMR.