Electricity and female employment: Evidence from Tajikistan’s winter energy crisis
研究了2009-2015年塔吉克斯坦冬季能源危机期间电力配给对女性就业的影响，发现电力减少导致女性退出劳动力市场成为家庭主妇，且与省力电器采用率下降相关，表明电力供应能释放女性从无偿家务中解脱。
This paper studies the impact of electricity rationing on female employment during Tajikistan’s winter energy crisis, 2009–2015. Reduced access to electricity led to a decline in female employment as women left the workforce to become homemakers. The negative employment effect is specific to women and does not appear to be driven by changes in labor demand , involuntary unemployment, labor migration or fertility patterns. However, the decline in female employment is accompanied by a lower adoption of labor-saving electrical appliances. These findings suggest that electricity provision releases women from unpaid domestic work. Furthermore, they suggest that the quality of the electricity supply is vital for realizing the full benefits of electrification in developing countries.