Distributional Equity in the Employment and Wage Impacts of Energy Transitions
利用美国23个州近全体工人的地理编码数据，研究了风能开发对不同种族、性别和教育程度人群的本地收入和就业影响，发现影响持续数年且对黑人和低学历或高学历工人增幅最大，但男性收益远大于女性。
We use restricted-access, geocoded data on the near-universe of workers in 23 US states to quantify the impact of wind energy development on local earnings and employment, by race, ethnicity, sex, and educational attainment. We find significant impacts that persist for several years beyond the project construction phase. Our estimates are larger than those from previous studies but still small relative to typical economic multipliers for fiscal spending or investment in other industries. We find the largest percentage increases for black workers and workers who either do not have a high school diploma or who have a college degree. We also find the economic gains for men to be much larger than those for women. Finally, we find estimates from data aggregated to the county level to be significantly lower than our worker-level estimates. We suggest a number of areas for further study building off the justice implications of our findings.