Forced Displacement, Gender, and Livelihoods: Refugees in Ethiopia
基于2017年埃塞俄比亚技能概况调查数据，研究难民与当地社区在生计机会和活动上的性别差异，发现难民和当地女性就业率显著低于男性，家庭特征如女性户主、农业用地和子女数量对女性经济机会有不同影响。
This study uses the Ethiopia Skills Profile Survey (2017) to examine the gender differences in livelihood opportunities and activities between refugees and host communities. The results show a significant gender gap in participation in the labour market where refugee and host women are less likely to have employment, and that household characteristics influence women’s economic opportunities. While having a female household head, access to agricultural land, and additional female adults increase both refugee and host female’s participation in economic activities, higher numbers of children in the household significantly reduce refugee women’s opportunities. In addition, higher educational attainment boosts both male and female refugees’ participation in wage employment. Among refugees, both female and male Somali refugees have relatively better access to employment opportunities compared to other refugee groups, especially refugees from South Sudan and Sudan.