Semiconductors and Modern Industrial Policy
梳理半导体产业的政治经济史、供应链变化及各国政府干预的新动因，详述美国、中国、日本、欧洲、韩国和台湾地区的现代产业政策，包括补贴、关税、出口管制等。
Semiconductors have emerged as a headline in the resurgence of modern industrial policy. This paper explores the political economic history of the sector, the changing nature of the semiconductor supply chain, and the new sources of concern that have motivated the most recent turn to government intervention. It also explores details of that turn to industrial policy by the United States, China, Japan, Europe, South Korea, and Taiwan. Modern industrial policy for semiconductors has included not only subsidies for manufacturing, but also new import tariffs, export controls, foreign investment screening, and antitrust actions.