Alexander Hamilton’s Report on Manufactures and Industrial Policy
分析了汉密尔顿1791年关于制造业的报告，该报告主张通过公共政策支持美国工业化，以应对欧洲贸易限制，并指出其建议在随后一个世纪被美国政府采纳，推动了工业产出年均5%的增长。
Hamilton’s 1791 state paper on manufactures is a forward-looking argument for US industrialization supported by public policies designed to encourage it. Conventional wisdom circa 1790, along with static considerations of comparative advantage indicated that the United States should stick to farming, export its agricultural surpluses, and import European manufactures. Mercantilist trade policies of the major European empires, however, were barriers to US exports. Hamilton therefore contended that US manufacturing using the latest machine technologies would alleviate the effects of European trade restrictions by creating domestic demand for agricultural surpluses. His report specifies industries worthy of support, and policy measures to encourage their development. During the century that followed, US governments adopted nearly all of Hamilton’s recommendations. These measures contributed to an average annual rate of growth of industrial output of 5 percent during that century, helping the United States to become the world’s leading manufacturing nation.