Unconventional philosophies and practices: Vietnamese family firm performance in multiple countries
基于215家越南家族企业在亚洲、澳洲、欧洲和北美的数据，用模糊集定性比较分析找出三条高绩效路径，揭示家庭劳动、社交网络招工和合伙人出资的不同组合如何影响企业表现。
The diversity of business philosophies and practices across family firms suggests their performance is influenced by factors that can be hard to isolate or understand. Based on 215 observations of Vietnamese firms operating in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America, we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis techniques to discern the configurational relationships underlying their performance pathways. Of the 64 possible configurations, three pathways with a high consistency (95 percent) for high performance are distinguishable. These three pathways are characterized by varying degrees of family labor involvement, social network-based labor sourcing, and capital contributions from partners. They reveal how cultural factors, spiritual beliefs and practices, as well as the strength of firm networks influence the way these firms perform. Taken together, these insights offer valuable contributions to the theoretical understanding of family firm performance with practical and policy relevance.