Navigating Grand Societal Challenges through Meta-Consensus: Combating Online Hate Speech through Collective Action in Multistakeholder Initiatives
研究六项多利益相关方倡议如何通过建立元共识（即基本沟通规则的广泛认同）来克服价值观冲突，进而形成集体行动打击网络仇恨言论，揭示了三个关键机制。
Despite growing calls for multistakeholder initiatives (MSIs) to tackle grand societal challenges, such collaboration is often impeded by the conflicting core values of the stakeholders involved, especially regarding moral norms and their prioritization. To overcome such impediments, scholars have proposed meta-consensus (i.e., broad agreement on basic rules of communication) as a foundation for initiating MSIs in the context of grand societal challenges. Although research agrees on the potential of meta-consensus to solve normative value conflicts, the process of establishing it remains largely uncovered. Drawing on findings from an empirical study and comparative analysis of six MSIs to tackle online hate speech, this study unravels three mechanisms that help to explain the process of establishing meta-consensus and its relationship with the establishment of collective action in MSIs: (1) change of discussion levels through bridging stakeholders, (2) establishing meta-consensus, and (3) navigating normative value conflict through meta-consensus. This study contributes to the literatures on rhetoric and collective action in the context of grand societal challenges. It clarifies the process and conditions for forming meta-consensus and elucidates the relationship between meta-consensus and the formation of collective action.