The Price of Fairness of Scheduling a Scarce Resource
研究了在稀缺资源调度中引入公平约束（如无嫉妒性）对整体效用的影响，通过公平代价量化效率损失，发现缩短时间跨度或增加参与方数量反而可能降低损失，为决策者平衡公平与效率提供策略参考。
Balancing Fairness and Efficiency: The Price of Fairness in Scheduling Scarce Resources “The Price of Fairness of Scheduling a Scarce Resource” investigates the trade-offs between fairness and utility when scheduling scarce resources among multiple stakeholders. The research focuses on envy-freeness, a widely recognized fairness criterion, and explores how fairness constraints impact overall utility, quantified by the price of fairness—the ratio of attainable utility with and without fairness considerations. By analyzing various factors, including the number of agents, time horizon, discount factors, and switching costs, the authors derive tight bounds on the price of fairness. Interestingly, they discover that, whereas fairness often increases utility loss, certain parameters—such as reducing the time horizon or increasing the number of agents—can counterintuitively reduce this loss. These findings offer strategic insights for decision makers facing fairness constraints in scheduling, helping them navigate complex trade-offs between equitable resource allocation and maximizing efficiency.