The Fundamental Tradeoff between the Timing Benefits and Timing Costs of Accrual Accounting
论证权责发生制会计的时间性收益与成本不可分割，例如养老金等长期负债的早期确认必然带来估计偏差导致的噪音，并讨论其对准则制定和学术研究的启示。
SYNOPSIS Since all accruals reverse, their effect on the recognition of income is, by definition, temporary and temporal. Exploring the implications of this key property, this paper argues that both the benefits and the costs of accrual accounting largely lie in the temporal domain and that they are inextricably linked by the nature of the accrual process. For example, it is impossible to have the benefit of early accruals for long-term obligations, such as pensions, without the noise in income introduced by the deviation of long-term pension estimates from their corresponding realizations. Thus, the fundamental tradeoff of timing benefits and timing costs lies at the heart of accrual accounting and critically shapes its characteristics and function. Although some of these core properties of accrual accounting have been long known, this paper argues that they are not fully appreciated and discusses a number of possible implications for standard setting and academic research.