Neighborhoods, perceived Inequality, and preferences for Redistribution: Evidence from Barcelona
研究社区层面的不平等如何影响人们对全国不平等的感知及再分配偏好，发现当地不平等会提升感知不平等，但对再分配需求影响较小。
• The Local Neighborhood Gini (LNG) is a novel measure of local inequality independent of administrative boundaries. • New survey evidence reveals a positive relation between local inequality exposure and perceived national-level inequality. • Individuals quasi-randomly exposed to a new apartment building close to their homes perceive more inequality. • If neighborhoods influence demand for redistribution, the effect is small. • Individuals extrapolate from their local environments when forming national-level perceptions (at least about inequality). I study the effects of neighborhood-level inequality on perceived national-level inequality and preferences for redistribution. I construct a novel measure of local inequality using geolocated housing data and elicit perceptions and preferences from an original survey conducted in Barcelona. Local inequality is positively associated with perceived inequality but not with preferences for redistribution. I address endogenous sorting by exploiting quasi-random variation in exposure to new apartment buildings; this increases perceived inequality by 7% and has a positive but not statistically significant effect on demand for redistribution. Effects come from higher perceived income at the top. Local inequality shapes national-level inequality perceptions, but if it influences demand for redistribution, the effect is small. This work suggests that individuals extrapolate from their local environments when forming beliefs and highlights the importance of data granularity when studying neighborhood effects.