Circular Economies and Sectoral Green Productivity in the European Union
研究了2000-2021年间欧盟废物回收率（循环经济代理指标）对部门生产率的影响，发现二次原材料增加提升生产率但存在上限，并提出了政策建议。
ABSTRACT In this study, we explore the impacts of the waste recycling ratio as a proxy for circular economies on sectoral productivity in the European Union between 2000 and 2021. We present a productivity model that contextualizes the industry's transition to green economies, namely, the green productivity model, in which we adapt neoclassical productivity models by considering energy intensity and the development of green technologies. After estimating the results using FGLS and PCSE, we understand that a higher availability of secondary raw materials contributes to the European productivity functions in different industries, but this effect is limited as exponential increases in these materials reduce productivity. To ensure the efficiency of policies aimed at consolidating circular economies, we propose policy recommendations that leverage economies of scale and scope to improve the efficiency of European industries while contributing to the circular cycle of their own productivity externalities.