Black Economic Progress in the Jim Crow South: Evidence from Rosenwald Schools
研究了20世纪初美国南方的罗森沃尔德学校建设项目对黑人劳动力市场的影响，发现该项目提高了黑人女性的劳动参与率和职业地位，但对黑人男性影响有限，且黑人职业进步集中在传统职业中。
This paper studies the labor market impact of the Rosenwald Schools Initiative, a school construction program in the early twentieth-century South. Using a new sample linking Social Security and census records, we find that exposure to Rosenwald schools raised Black women’s labor force participation and occupational standing in 1940; however, we find little evidence that Black men’s occupational standing significantly improved. Blacks made no discernible gains in jobs where they were underrepresented, while the gains they achieved were concentrated in jobs where they were commonly found. This suggests that the scope for Black occupational advancement was limited around 1940.