Timing matters: The (very) long-run impacts of cash grants during a crisis
研究了乌干达在新冠疫情封锁期间一次性创业现金补助的12年长期影响，发现对男性就业和收入有正面作用，但对女性和粮食安全无显著影响，强调评估时机的重要性。
We investigate the long-run impacts of a one-time randomized entrepreneurial cash grant in Uganda during COVID-19 lockdowns, twelve years after the intervention. Previous research documented considerable positive effects after four years, which vanished for income after nine years, while some structural changes persisted. For the 12-year follow-up, we find positive effects on employment and income, but for men only, and no effects on food security. These gender-specific effects might not be the last word on the program's long-term impact. Rather, our paper emphasizes that the timing of follow-up studies matters, particularly in the presence of shocks such as the lockdowns. • Examines the long-run effects (12 years) of a one-time cash grant program in Uganda during COVID-19 lockdowns. • Male beneficiaries report increased income and more employment while the effects for the women and on food security are insignificant. • Study emphasizes that the timing of long-term evaluations significantly influences observed outcomes, particularly under external shocks. • Uses OFAT and specification curve analysis to show robustness of results.