The command paradox: Unraveling the impact of command-and-control water conservation policies on water-use technical efficiency
研究以中国最严格水资源管理制度为例，构建理论框架分析命令控制型节水政策对用水技术效率的影响，发现此类政策并非总是有效，在基础设施不足和高城市化地区可能适得其反。
The intensifying global water scarcity poses a significant threat to sustainability, compelling nations to implement diverse strategies focusing on improving water conservation. Despite the urgency of this issue, limited research has been conducted on the nexus between command-and-control water-saving policies and technical efficiency. This study develops a theoretical framework to assess the impact of such policies, using China's Most Stringent Water Management System (ISWMS) as an example. It argues that not all water conservation measures enhance technical efficiency, and specific command-and-control policies may hinder it. The negative effects are most pronounced in regions with inadequate infrastructure and high urbanization. Moreover, these policies may worsen efficiency in monsoon zones by improving water accessibility. Ultimately, this study emphasizes that command-and-control policies are not universally effective and often require integration with other measures to achieve desired outcomes. By offering a theoretical foundation and practical insights, this research expands the policy discourse on water-use technical efficiency and provides valuable guidance for the global formulation of command-and-control water-saving initiatives.