Stigma in Welfare Programs
研究福利参与污名如何降低项目领取率和增加调查误报，通过分析本地网络中参与率与误报的关系，发现污名随同伴参与增加和可见性降低而减弱。
Abstract Stigma of welfare participation is important for policy and survey design, because it reduces program take-up and increases misreporting. Stigma is also relevant to the literature on social image concerns, yet empirical evidence is scant because stigma is difficult to empirically identify. We use a novel approach to studying stigma by examining the relationship between program participation in a recipient's local network and underreporting program participation in surveys. We find a robust negative relationship and provide evidence against explanations other than stigma. Stigma decreases when more peers engage in the stigmatized behavior and when such actions are less observable.