Computerization and the Decline of Unincorporated Self-Employment
研究了1990-2010年间美国计算机化程度提高对非公司型自雇就业比例的影响，发现计算机化每增加1%，该比例下降0.79%，且影响因行业和地区而异。
We investigate the effect of the computer adoption rate, referred to as computerization, on the proportion of unincorporated self-employed individuals within the US labor markets. The conceptual framework suggests that computerization may either augment or diminish this share. Employing a Bartik instrument approach, we disentangle the causal effect of computerization on unincorporated self-employment from 1990 to 2010. Our empirical findings indicate that a 1% increase in computerization corresponds to a 0.79% reduction in the share of unincorporated self-employed individuals. Notably, these estimates exhibit variations across industries and metropolitan areas.