Language training, refugees' healthcare integration, and the next generation's health
利用挪威强制参加300小时语言培训的政策改革，研究发现该培训显著提升了难民长期使用初级医疗服务的比例（12年内增加44%），并改善了其子女出生健康（早产、低出生体重等减少21%-49%），机制包括劳动力市场融入和家庭环境改善。
Exploiting a policy reform mandating participation in a 300-h language training course in Norway, I investigate the multigenerational health effects of a comprehensive language training program. I document the significant positive impacts of the program, not only on the long-term integration of refugees into the healthcare system but also on the health of the next generation. The program improves the cumulative use of primary care services for 12 years after arrival by 44%. This increase is proposed to partially work through refugees’ increased labor market attachment and economic success. The program also results in spillover benefits for the health at birth of the children of refugees with 21–49% decreases in premature birth, low birth weight, and short birth length. These intergenerational effects probably operate via significant improvements in the home environment and maternal care during pregnancy. • Language training for refugees causes significant multigenerational health benefits. • A 300-h program increases refugees' use of primary care services by 44% over 12 years. • Improved labor market attachment and economic success are the key potential mechanisms. • Refugee children experience 21–49% reductions in health problems at birth. • Improved home environments and prenatal care are the possible channels behind the intergenerational health benefits.