Optimizing Dynamic Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Using an Evolutionary Multitask Optimization Framework and Genetic Programming
研究了动态柔性作业车间调度问题，引入多群体进化多任务优化框架和遗传编程超启发式，优化最大完工时间和总延迟两个目标，在动态制造环境中提升了调度效率和适应性。
Driven by the evolution of smart and sustainable manufacturing paradigms under Industry 5.0, which emphasize adaptability, connectivity, and data-driven decision-making, the dynamic flexible job shop scheduling problem (DFJSSP) has emerged as a critical area of research. The DFJSSP involves scheduling jobs in a highly dynamic and uncertain manufacturing environment where new tasks are continually introduced, further complicating the scheduling process. In this study, the DFJSSP is extended to incorporate single crane transportation and sequence-dependent setup times, reflecting real-world manufacturing constraints. To tackle this multifaceted problem, we introduce a novel approach, i.e., a multipopulation-based evolutionary multitask optimization (EMTO) framework. In addition, the genetic programming algorithm is employed as a generative hyperheuristic to deal with the dynamic uncertainties in the shop floor. Two components are collaborated to optimize two objectives, i.e., minimizing the maximum completion time and the total tardiness. Furthermore, a dynamic transfer ratio is proposed, allowing the proportion of knowledge transfer to adapt throughout the iteration process, balancing convergence speed with population diversity. The results demonstrate that both the EMTO framework and the dynamic transfer ratio significantly enhance the performance of the algorithm. Compared to well-known constructive heuristics and reinforcement learning algorithm, the proposed approach enables parallel resolution of multiple optimization objectives, leading to enhanced scheduling efficiency and adaptability in dynamic manufacturing environments.