Integrating information from off-board sensors into the submarine control room: workload, situation awareness, and performance consequences
研究潜艇控制室团队接收舰外无人机原始或处理后的传感器数据对绩效、工作负荷和态势感知的影响，发现处理后的数据能提升准确性和速度并降低工作负荷。
Off-board sensors have the potential to provide submarine control rooms with otherwise inaccessible information to supplement data gathered by on-board sensors. Using Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a representative test case, we examined how team performance, workload and situation awareness were impacted by receiving raw, compared to processed, sensor data from one or two off-board UAVs. Sixteen teams of three participants were trained to compile a tactical picture and to complete missions. Teams receiving processed off-board sensor data compiled more accurate tactical pictures, completed missions faster, and reported lower workload, compared to teams receiving raw off-board sensor data. Situation awareness, objective workload, and perceived usability were comparable between conditions. Scenarios with two UAVs took longer to complete, with other outcomes unaffected. These outcomes provide evidence that humans can integrate additional and distinct sources of information to form a cohesive combined picture, even when those data are partially redundant.