Does perceived labor market competition increase prejudice between refugees and their local hosts? Evidence from Uganda and Ethiopia
通过在埃塞俄比亚和乌干达的城市与农村进行问卷调查实验，研究发现当东道主认为难民与自己竞争同一职业时，对其态度显著更负面，但这种偏见在难民中不成立，且主要出现在难民工人较少的地区。
We study whether perceptions of labor market competition negatively influence out-group attitudes between refugees and their local hosts using a survey vignette experiment conducted in urban and rural Ethiopia and Uganda. Our vignette consists of a short story about a fictional job-seeker in which we randomize the citizenship (refugee/national) and occupation (same as/different from respondent). Our estimates suggest that host attitudes are significantly more negative when the vignette character is a refugee in the same occupation. Such prejudice against the out-group is not confirmed among refugees. Exploring the context-dependency of our results, evidence suggests that negative attitudes towards refugees that are tied to perceived labor market competition largely manifest in contexts of limited refugee worker presence. Hence, perceived labor market competition contributes to prejudicial attitudes, but results suggest that these perceived threats do not necessarily coincide with experienced labor market competition between refugees and their hosts. Additional heterogeneity analysis based on prior contact and ethno-linguistic proximity provides suggestive evidence that cross-group interactions reduce the salience of perceived labor market competition as a driver of out-group prejudice in refugee settings. • We study how perceived job competition influences outgroup attitudes in Ethiopia and Uganda. • Results show that perceived job competition links to negative attitudes toward refugees. • Heterogeneity analysis shows results are driven by hosts competing with few refugees. • Ethnolinguistic proximity and prior contact reduce negative attitudes toward refugees.